Volcanoes

A volcano is formed when hot molten rock, ash and gases escape from an opening in the Earth’s surface. The molten rock and ash solidify as they cool, forming the distinctive volcano shape. As a volcano erupts, it spills lava that flows downslope. Hot ash and gases are thrown into the air. Some volcanoes are covered with snow and ice. If they erupt, melted snow and ice mixes with mud and volcanic ash and flows down. Volcanic flows are called lahars. The Earth’s surface is made up of several tectonic plates which are constantly moving, although very slowly. Where tectonic plates are being pushed together, some of the Earth’s crust is pushed deeper into the Earth’s mantle where it melts and rises to the surface again to form volcanoes. A large area where this occurs on earth is called the Pacific Ring of Fire. It’s still very difficult for scientists to create any kind of hypothesis as for when exactly volcanoes will erupt, but with continual new technological developments, they are getting closer to predicting.

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